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Tag: New Zealand

Workflows of Archiving the Digital Records of the Marist Fathers and Brothers

December 15, 2016December 14, 2016 lonearrangers1 Comment

Elizabeth Charlton
Province Archivist
Society of Mary (Marist Fathers and Brothers) in New Zealand
elizabeth@maristarchives.org.nz

As we know context is everything so here’s mine-

  • The New Zealand Province of the Society of Mary – Marist Fathers and Brothers brought Roman Catholicism to NZ in 1838. The New Zealand Archives have been in existence since 1960s, with a professional archivist employed since 2005. We are an in-house archives which cares for the records that document the congregation’s temporal and spiritual affairs as well as collecting the papers of members. The archives is open to external researchers of any religious belief.
  • The Archives’ operational budget (excluding capital expenditure and my salary) is approximately $15,000US/year.
  • In 2015 there was a reduction in staffing from 3 to 1 part-time archivist. I have a sole charge position reporting to a committee of a Provincial Council representative and an outside consultant.

To date the Archives has been a paper-based operation. Former staff members viewed born-digital material as artefacts – since we have the carrier, we have the material. The earliest born-digital was transferred onto floppies in 2001.

In fact the impetus for me to take action was to see a naked hard drive arrive, be put on a shelf and then be told, “You can deal with it in 10 years”! Receiving born-digital material this way is a growth area with an ever-aging congregation – in 2013 there was one naked drive, now there are 5! I received a scholarship in 2014 from the Ian McLean Wards Memorial Trust to work out how to start managing this.

Specific born-digital files entering the Archives as opposed to whole drives are photos, radio broadcasts and documents.

At DigCCurr Professional Institute, Nancy McGovern posed the question “What is good enough in your situation?” So my focus has been to keep my processes simple and manageable. As far as the born-digital sphere goes, I’m setting everything up.

My workflows may appear very simple and basic, but I have demonstrated that it is possible for very small institutions to take charge of their born-digital material.

Infrastructure

Before taking action, I needed to check that my storage was adequate. For what I have processed to date, yes. The server is replicated to a separate geographic location. We also back up to an external hard drive.

Digital acquisitions are kept in a separate folder on the network and a spreadsheet holds the metadata.

Digital forensics equipment

To follow the principle in digital preservation of not to create any irreversible changes to the data, I use write-blockers.

A write blocker is a mechanism that does not allow anything to be written to the media. There are software and hardware write blockers. I use hardware ones – for hard drives I have a Wiebetech Forensic Ultradock v5 and for USBs a Wiebetech inline USB write blocker.

To work with born-digital material on a carrier, I use an off-network laptop, loaded with the open-source tools introduced at the SAA Digital Forensics: Advanced course. The two programs used in particular are FTK Imager and BitCurator. Another useful tool is Droid from The National Archives (UK). In addition to the write blockers, I also use a USB floppy drive and an external 2TB hard drive. This equipment set-up cost approximately $1500US. Setting up a desktop as a processing station would bring the cost down.

The workflows

The Archives has a very narrow collection scope and limited resources so all items need appraising.

For legacy material – digital forensic practices

To follow the principle in digital preservation of not creating any irreversible changes to the data, practices adopted from digital forensics used in e-discovery and law enforcement are applied.

  1. One practice is to create a disk image, i.e. to create an exact replica of the contents of the source medium – the data, structure and size of the original media contained in a single file. I have tried both FTK Imager and BitCurator. Each program has its own set of strengths.
  2. Make working copies.

Forensic disk images are used in the first instance to appraise contents. The rule of thumb for me is not to retain the images, just the items selected from the appraisal.

  1. Appraise by viewing in a Hex editor using the character area. I check the text content to see if it is worth looking at further. If files do not have an extension (e.g. .docx) it can be difficult for a computer to open it; using the hex editor means that I can look for a file signature that indicates the file format. I prefer using the Hex editor in FTK Imager.
  2. Generate Reports with BitCurator. These reports are used to check for personally identifiable information. A disk image is needed for this step.
  3. Extract files selected for retention from the disk image.
  4. Run an anti-virus check over selected files (I update the laptop before using it off-network).
  5. If required files are normalized, that is creating a copy in a preservation format. The original format is also retained.
  6. AVPreserve’s Exactly is used to bag and transfer the selected material to the network. This provides checksums for fixity.
  7. Record information in spreadsheet.
  8. Monitor the files for fixity by using AVPreserve’s Fixity.

When it has already been agreed that we will accept the files, there is no need to appraise as the donor has already informed us of their contents.

For modern born-digital on a physical carrier and for born-digital transferred through internet

I use a write blocker to transfer from the physical carrier or through Exactly when receiving files over the Internet. Then the same workflow as for legacy media from the virus scan is followed.

For more information, please visit the 2016 SAA Research Forum page (http://www2.archivists.org/proceedings/research-forum/2016/agenda) for my project presentation and the article, “Working with legacy media: A lone arranger’s first steps”, published in Practical Technology for Archives (https://practicaltechnologyforarchives.org/issue6_charlton/).

PowerPoint Presentation
Slide for: Preserving in Digital Formats: Challenges and Solutions in Small Archives, SAA Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, August 3, 2016
Posted in Digital Preservation, Metadata, Religious ArchivesTagged catholicism, Digital, Digital Forensics, Digital Preservation, Digital Workflows, New Zealand, Religious Archives

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Photo Gallery

James Lequlla, newsboy, 12 years of age, Wilmington, Delaware, May 1910. Photo by Lewis W. Hine, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ncl2004001219/PP/
James Lequlla, newsboy, 12 years of age, Wilmington, Delaware, May 1910. Photo by Lewis W. Hine, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ncl2004001219/PP/
Commission signed by President James Madison appointing Dr. William Beaumont as a surgeon in the Sixth Regiment of Infantry in the US Army on December 2, 1812. Personal Collection #12, William Beaumont Papers, Bernard Becker Medical Library Archives, Washington University School of Medicine.
Commission signed by President James Madison appointing Dr. William Beaumont as a surgeon in the Sixth Regiment of Infantry in the US Army on December 2, 1812. Personal Collection #12, William Beaumont Papers, Bernard Becker Medical Library Archives, Washington University School of Medicine.
First snow of the season in the foothills of the Little Belt Mountains, Lewis and Clark National Forest, Meagher County, Montana, August 1942. Photo by Russell Lee, (FSA)/Office of War Information (OWI), courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C., Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Color Photographs Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1992001481/PP/
First snow of the season in the foothills of the Little Belt Mountains, Lewis and Clark National Forest, Meagher County, Montana, August 1942. Photo by Russell Lee, (FSA)/Office of War Information (OWI), courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C., Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Color Photographs Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1992001481/PP/
Anna Kelton Wiley, founder of The National Woman's Party telephones Doris Stevens, chairman of the InterAmerican Commission of Women at the Haugue, to ascertain whether the World Code now being drawn up by the Codification Conference of International Law will be based on sex discrimination, April 3, 1930. In the photograph, left to right: Anita Pollitzer of South Carolina; Anna Kelton Wiley; Alice Paul; and Elsie Hill of Connecticut. Photo by Harris and Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2013005824/
Anna Kelton Wiley, founder of The National Woman’s Party telephones Doris Stevens, chairman of the InterAmerican Commission of Women at the Haugue, to ascertain whether the World Code now being drawn up by the Codification Conference of International Law will be based on sex discrimination, April 3, 1930. In the photograph, left to right: Anita Pollitzer of South Carolina; Anna Kelton Wiley; Alice Paul; and Elsie Hill of Connecticut. Photo by Harris and Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2013005824/
National Archives, Division of Commerce Department Archives, Washington, D.C., Novmber 22, 1939. Photo by Harris and Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2009014404/
National Archives, Division of Commerce Department Archives, Washington, D.C., Novmber 22, 1939. Photo by Harris and Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2009014404/
Installation photos from Chuck Close: Red Yellow Blue, Pace Gallery, 534 West 25th Street, New York, September 11-October 17, 2015. © Chuck Close. Photos by Kerry Ryan McFate, courtesy Pace Gallery
Installation photos from Chuck Close: Red Yellow Blue, Pace Gallery, 534 West 25th Street, New York, September 11-October 17, 2015. © Chuck Close. Photos by Kerry Ryan McFate, courtesy Pace Gallery
Sol LeWitt installing Wall Drawing #292 at Fine Arts Gallery, University of Colorado, Boulder, September 1976. © Estate of Sol LeWitt/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. Photo © CU Art Museum, University of Colorado Bourlder
Sol LeWitt installing Wall Drawing #292 at Fine Arts Gallery, University of Colorado, Boulder, September 1976. © Estate of Sol LeWitt/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. Photo © CU Art Museum, University of Colorado Bourlder
Wall Drawing #795 at Fraenkel Gallery, San Francisco, 1998. Photo by Ian Reeves, courtesy, Fraenkel Gallery. Unprocessed image (left) vs. Processed image (right).
Wall Drawing #795 at Fraenkel Gallery, San Francisco, 1998. Photo by Ian Reeves, courtesy, Fraenkel Gallery. Unprocessed image (left) vs. Processed image (right).
Mural in the recreation room of the House of Detention for Women at Greenwich Avenue and 10th Street in Manhattan, artist Lucienne Bloch, series 1498, exhibit AC, approved February 11, 1936. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Mural in the recreation room of the House of Detention for Women at Greenwich Avenue and 10th Street in Manhattan, artist Lucienne Bloch, series 1498, exhibit AC, approved February 11, 1936. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Manhattan Bridge, architect Henry F. Hornbostel, series 63, certificate, approved and disapproved in part March 10, 1903. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Manhattan Bridge, architect Henry F. Hornbostel, series 63, certificate, approved and disapproved in part March 10, 1903. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Waste receptacles in Richmond Borough, designed by the Superintendent of Street Cleaning, series 524, exhibit B, approved November 15, 1910. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Waste receptacles in Richmond Borough, designed by the Superintendent of Street Cleaning, series 524, exhibit B, approved November 15, 1910. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Installation of security measures for Manhattan Bridge in Manhattan and Brooklyn, engineer Weidlinger Associates Inc., series 63, exhibit HD, approved August 22, 2016. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Installation of security measures for Manhattan Bridge in Manhattan and Brooklyn, engineer Weidlinger Associates Inc., series 63, exhibit HD, approved August 22, 2016. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Manhattan Bridge, architect Henry F. Hornbostel, series 63, exhibit G, approved and disapproved in part March 10, 1903. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Manhattan Bridge, architect Henry F. Hornbostel, series 63, exhibit G, approved and disapproved in part March 10, 1903. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York.
Design and locations of two lions at the Fifth Avenue entrance to the New York Public Library in Manhattan, sculptor E.C. Potter, photographer A.E. Sproul, series 208, exhibit AZ, approved October 11, 1910. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York. Photographic print, 9.5 x 7.5 in.
Design and locations of two lions at the Fifth Avenue entrance to the New York Public Library in Manhattan, sculptor E.C. Potter, photographer A.E. Sproul, series 208, exhibit AZ, approved October 11, 1910. Collection of the Public Design Commission of the City of New York. Photographic print, 9.5 x 7.5 in.
Moreno Valley, Colfax County, New Mexico, spring 1943 Photo by John Collier, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C., Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Color Photographs Collection http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/fsac/item/fsa1992001380/PP/
Moreno Valley, Colfax County, New Mexico, spring 1943 Photo by John Collier, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C., Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Color Photographs Collection http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/fsac/item/fsa1992001380/PP/
Woman with headphones listening to radio broadcast between ca. 1920 and ca. 1930 Photo by Underwood & Underwood, courtesy Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2012649424/
Woman with headphones listening to radio broadcast between ca. 1920 and ca. 1930 Photo by Underwood & Underwood, courtesy Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2012649424/
Crowded stacks, 1970. Photograph shows an African American employee of the Library of Congress among crowded book shelves with another employee. Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2017646178/
Crowded stacks, 1970. Photograph shows an African American employee of the Library of Congress among crowded book shelves with another employee. Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2017646178/
Arriving at Ellis Island, 1907 Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/97519082/
Arriving at Ellis Island, 1907 Photo courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/97519082/
A cross roads store, bar, "juke joint," and gas station in the cotton plantation area, Melrose, La., June 1940.
A cross roads store, bar, “juke joint,” and gas station in the cotton plantation area, Melrose, La., June 1940.
Hawthorne Bridge, Spanning Willamette River at Hawthorne Boulevard & Madison Street, Portland, Multnomah County, OR. Historic American Engineering Record, Creator, Waddell & Harrington, Pennsylvania Steel Company, United Engineering & Construction Company, Robert Wakefield & Company, City Of Portland, and Judith A McGaw, Norman, James, and Leslie Schwab, photographer. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/or0290/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.)
Hawthorne Bridge, Spanning Willamette River at Hawthorne Boulevard & Madison Street, Portland, Multnomah County, OR. Historic American Engineering Record, Creator, Waddell & Harrington, Pennsylvania Steel Company, United Engineering & Construction Company, Robert Wakefield & Company, City Of Portland, and Judith A McGaw, Norman, James, and Leslie Schwab, photographer. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/or0290/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.)
Connecticut College for Women, New London, Connecticut. Palmer library, carrels in stack room. Photo by Gottscho-Schleisner, Inc., courtesy ibrary of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/gsc1994021290/PP/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.).
Connecticut College for Women, New London, Connecticut. Palmer library, carrels in stack room. Photo by Gottscho-Schleisner, Inc., courtesy ibrary of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/gsc1994021290/PP/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.).
[Copy machine in office], 1936. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Harris & Ewing Collection, ibrary of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/hec2013010866/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.)
[Copy machine in office], 1936. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Harris & Ewing Collection, ibrary of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/hec2013010866/. (Accessed June 06, 2017.)
AFS President Arthur Howe, Jr. being greeted by AFS alumni after his arrival in Santiago, Chile in 1971. Foto Cerrillos Chile. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
AFS President Arthur Howe, Jr. being greeted by AFS alumni after his arrival in Santiago, Chile in 1971. Foto Cerrillos Chile. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. in 1943. Photograph by Loftus B. Cuddy, Jr., courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. in 1943. Photograph by Loftus B. Cuddy, Jr., courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
AFS ambulance drivers evacuating Tobruk Hospital in Libya in 1942. Photograph by Arthur Howe, Jr., courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
AFS ambulance drivers evacuating Tobruk Hospital in Libya in 1942. Photograph by Arthur Howe, Jr., courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. in Damascus, Syria in November 1965. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. in Damascus, Syria in November 1965. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. pointing to Iran on a globe during his AFS presidency in 1967. Several years later he traveled to Abbasabad, Iran to give a speech about AFS and its role in international education. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
Arthur Howe, Jr. pointing to Iran on a globe during his AFS presidency in 1967. Several years later he traveled to Abbasabad, Iran to give a speech about AFS and its role in international education. Photo courtesy of the Archives of the American Field Service and AFS Intercultural Programs.
The original teaching skeleton used in the nursing school of the local hospital, after being donated to Special Collections at the Mooresville Public Library. Photo courtesy Special Collections at the Mooresville Public Library.
The original teaching skeleton used in the nursing school of the local hospital, after being donated to Special Collections at the Mooresville Public Library. Photo courtesy Special Collections at the Mooresville Public Library.
1815 embroidery of Mt. Vernon by Frances “Fanny” Macklin Ellis Wilkinson, using human hair, post-conservation. Photo courtesy of the Khalaf Al Habtoor Archives at Illinois College.
1815 embroidery of Mt. Vernon by Frances “Fanny” Macklin Ellis Wilkinson, using human hair, post-conservation. Photo courtesy of the Khalaf Al Habtoor Archives at Illinois College.
1815 embroidery of Mt. Vernon by Frances “Fanny” Macklin Ellis Wilkinson, using human hair, pre-conservation. Photo of Jenny Barker Devine, Associate Professor of History, Illinois College.
1815 embroidery of Mt. Vernon by Frances “Fanny” Macklin Ellis Wilkinson, using human hair, pre-conservation. Photo of Jenny Barker Devine, Associate Professor of History, Illinois College.
Lobster gifted to Congressman Paul Findley from Mohammed Motie, foreign minister of South Yemen, during Findley's "Mission to Aiden," in May 1974. Photo courtesy of Elizabeth Papp, Public History Graduate Intern, Illinois College.
Lobster gifted to Congressman Paul Findley from Mohammed Motie, foreign minister of South Yemen, during Findley’s “Mission to Aiden,” in May 1974. Photo courtesy of Elizabeth Papp, Public History Graduate Intern, Illinois College.
Front view of a British Tank, ca. 1916, from Photographic History of The World's War, 1918.
Front view of a British Tank, ca. 1916, from Photographic History of The World’s War, 1918.
British tank crossing trenches, from Collier's Photographic History of The World's War, 1918.
British tank crossing trenches, from Collier’s Photographic History of The World’s War, 1918.
British "Centipede"/"Mother"/"Big Willie" tank, ca. 1916--afterwards known at the Mark I Tank, from
British “Centipede”/”Mother”/”Big Willie” tank, ca. 1916–afterwards known at the Mark I Tank, from
World War One "Splatter Mask." Photo in the Public Domain.
World War One “Splatter Mask.” Photo in the Public Domain.
British_maks_1918_Border
Center for Democracy & Technology letter to the Unites States Department of Homeland Security, regarding "A-Files." Photo courtesy the Society of American Archivists.
Center for Democracy & Technology letter to the Unites States Department of Homeland Security, regarding “A-Files.” Photo courtesy the Society of American Archivists.
Vets protest bonus bill delay, January 1931, Washington D.C. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2013006243/
Vets protest bonus bill delay, January 1931, Washington D.C. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2013006243/
The Librarian, U.S. Naval Academy, ca. 1890-91. Photo by Detroit Publishing Co., courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994001136/PP/
The Librarian, U.S. Naval Academy, ca. 1890-91. Photo by Detroit Publishing Co., courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994001136/PP/
An array of pumpkins, ready for the autumn customer rush at the Kelp's Pumpkin Patch stand near Nashville in Brown County, Indiana. Photo by Carol M. Highsmith Photography, Inc., courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2016631899/
An array of pumpkins, ready for the autumn customer rush at the Kelp’s Pumpkin Patch stand near Nashville in Brown County, Indiana. Photo by Carol M. Highsmith Photography, Inc., courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2016631899/
From Library of Congress online (https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3200.ct002354/) Colton's illustrated & embellished steel plate map of the world on Mercator's projection : compiled from the latest & most authentic sources exhibiting the recent Arctic and Antarctic discoveries & explorations Photo courtesy Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C. Digital ID: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3200.ct002354
From Library of Congress online (https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3200.ct002354/) Colton’s illustrated & embellished steel plate map of the world on Mercator’s projection : compiled from the latest & most authentic sources exhibiting the recent Arctic and Antarctic discoveries & explorations Photo courtesy Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C. Digital ID: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3200.ct002354
Diane Wells Archivist & Records Manager Diocese of Olympia, Seattle, WA
Diane Wells Archivist & Records Manager Diocese of Olympia, Seattle, WA
The Nguyen Family from Vietnam Olympia Churchman Photo. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
The Nguyen Family from Vietnam Olympia Churchman Photo. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Refugee Resettlement Office files. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Refugee Resettlement Office files. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Storage room at the Refugee Resettlement Office with boxes and cabinets containing stacke from floor to ceiling. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Storage room at the Refugee Resettlement Office with boxes and cabinets containing stacke from floor to ceiling. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Staples, clips and other fasteners removed from Refugee Resettlement Office files during processing. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Staples, clips and other fasteners removed from Refugee Resettlement Office files during processing. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Processed Refugee Resettlement Office files. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Processed Refugee Resettlement Office files. Photo courtesy the Archives of The Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.
Michael Aday Librarian-Archivist National Park Service Collections Preservation Center Great Smoky Mountains National Park Townsend, Tennessee.
Michael Aday Librarian-Archivist National Park Service Collections Preservation Center Great Smoky Mountains National Park Townsend, Tennessee.
Archives stacks at National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Archives stacks at National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Research room at National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Research room at National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Summons to the Sheriff of Washington County, NC from Clerk of the Court John Sevier, from 1782. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Summons to the Sheriff of Washington County, NC from Clerk of the Court John Sevier, from 1782. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Civilian Conservation Corps scrip, from 1932. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Civilian Conservation Corps scrip, from 1932. Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
William Oliver Collection being humidified and flattened (before). Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
William Oliver Collection being humidified and flattened (before). Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
William Oliver Collection being humidified and flattened (after). Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
William Oliver Collection being humidified and flattened (after). Photo courtesy National Park Service Collections Preservation Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Two Australian soldiers enjoying the snow, January 1942. Photo by Matson Photo Service, Matson (G. Eric and Edith) Photograph Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/mpc2010006642/PP/
Two Australian soldiers enjoying the snow, January 1942. Photo by Matson Photo Service, Matson (G. Eric and Edith) Photograph Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/mpc2010006642/PP/
Secretary with telegrams pledging over $100,000.00 to International Rescue Committee, November 8, 1956/ World Telegram & Sun photo by Ed. Ford, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/95505385/
Secretary with telegrams pledging over $100,000.00 to International Rescue Committee, November 8, 1956/ World Telegram & Sun photo by Ed. Ford, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/95505385/
Southington, Connecticut. Stacks of the public library containing 15,000 books. Photo by Charles Fenno Jacobs, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, Farm Security Administration - Office of War Information photograph collection (Library of Congress): https://www.loc.gov/resource/fsa.8d34963/
Southington, Connecticut. Stacks of the public library containing 15,000 books. Photo by Charles Fenno Jacobs, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, Farm Security Administration – Office of War Information photograph collection (Library of Congress): https://www.loc.gov/resource/fsa.8d34963/
Brookings building at 722 Jackson Place in 1932. Photo courtesy Brookings Institution.
Brookings building at 722 Jackson Place in 1932. Photo courtesy Brookings Institution.
Brookings building at 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, 2018. Photo courtesy Brookings Institution.
Brookings building at 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, 2018. Photo courtesy Brookings Institution.
Edith Ginsberg, Allen Ginsberg (holding unknown child), unknown, Louis Ginsberg (L-R), ca. 1967. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey.
Edith Ginsberg, Allen Ginsberg (holding unknown child), unknown, Louis Ginsberg (L-R), ca. 1967. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey.
Allen Ginsberg writes to his Aunt Clara from Amsterdam. 12/31/82. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Allen Ginsberg writes to his Aunt Clara from Amsterdam. 12/31/82. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Allen’s inscription to his cousin Pat Sebold. 12/10/74. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Allen’s inscription to his cousin Pat Sebold. 12/10/74. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Allen’s inscription to Aunt Clara. 1/24/87. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Allen’s inscription to Aunt Clara. 1/24/87. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Edith Ginsberg’s letter to Clara (written as Claire). 2/28/87. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
Edith Ginsberg’s letter to Clara (written as Claire). 2/28/87. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Historical Society of New Jersey
May Day Parade, New York, 1910. Photo courtesy George Grantham Bain Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: https://www.loc.gov/resource/cph.3a51058/
May Day Parade, New York, 1910. Photo courtesy George Grantham Bain Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division: https://www.loc.gov/resource/cph.3a51058/
Typing class at the San Diego Vocational School, June 1941. Photo by Lee Russell, courtesy U.S. Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information/Office of Emergency Management/Resettlement Administration Black & White Photographs, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017789625/
Typing class at the San Diego Vocational School, June 1941. Photo by Lee Russell, courtesy U.S. Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information/Office of Emergency Management/Resettlement Administration Black & White Photographs, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017789625/
Halloween party at Shafter migrant camp, California, November 1938. Photo by Dorothea Lange, courtesy U.S. Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information/Office of Emergency Management/Resettlement Administration Black & White Photographs, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017770943/
Halloween party at Shafter migrant camp, California, November 1938. Photo by Dorothea Lange, courtesy U.S. Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information/Office of Emergency Management/Resettlement Administration Black & White Photographs, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017770943/
Labor Relations Board, ca. 1937. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Harris & Ewing photograph collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/hec.22806/
Labor Relations Board, ca. 1937. Photo by Harris & Ewing, courtesy Harris & Ewing photograph collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/hec.22806/
"Labor," ca. 1912-1930. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.27767/
“Labor,” ca. 1912-1930. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.27767/
Am. Fed. Labor, ca. 1921-1922. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.29804/
Am. Fed. Labor, ca. 1921-1922. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.29804/
Woman on float of the Women's Auxilliary Typographical Union, Labor Day parade, New York, New York, September 6, 1909. Photo courtesy George Grantham Bain Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/ppmsc.00154/
Woman on float of the Women’s Auxilliary Typographical Union, Labor Day parade, New York, New York, September 6, 1909. Photo courtesy George Grantham Bain Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/ppmsc.00154/
Am. Fed. of Labor, December 12, 1923. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2016836374/
Am. Fed. of Labor, December 12, 1923. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/item/2016836374/
Am. Fed. Labor Char Women's Committee, ca. 1919-1920. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.28680/
Am. Fed. Labor Char Women’s Committee, ca. 1919-1920. Photo courtesy National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.28680/
Group of young women reading in library of normal school, Washington, D.C., 1899. Photo by Johnston Frances Benjamin, courtesy Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection, Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division. https://www.loc.gov/item/90711146/
Group of young women reading in library of normal school, Washington, D.C., 1899. Photo by Johnston Frances Benjamin, courtesy Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection, Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division. https://www.loc.gov/item/90711146/

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